Fish Virus Spreads To Lake Superior

Jan 27: Researchers from Cornell University are reporting that the fish virus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), that was first discovered in the Northeast in 2005 has been found for the first time in fish from Lake Superior. That means that the virus has now been documented in all of the Great Lakes. VHSV, which causes fatal anemia and hemorrhaging in many fish species, poses no threat to humans.

Paul Bowser, professor of aquatic animal medicine at Cornell's College of Veterinary Medicine and colleagues recently tested 874 fish from seven sites in Lake Superior in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Western Fisheries Research Center in Seattle. Fish from Paradise and Skanee in Michigan and St. Louis Bay and Superior Bay in Wisconsin tested positive. Some of the results have been corroborated by other laboratories; others have tests still under way. The researchers indicated that the virus, which has been identified in 28 freshwater fish species in the Great Lakes watershed, has reached epidemic proportions in the Great Lakes.

Bowser, noting that the virus has also been found in a few inland waters as well, including lakes, streams and a family-owned earthen pond said, "People come from all over the eastern United States to fish the Great Lakes. The economy of many of these areas ebbs and flows with the season and perceived value of outdoor recreational opportunities. The value of these opportunities is dependent on how successful we are at managing the health of wild fish. On a worldwide basis, VHSV is considered one of the most serious pathogens of fish, because it kills so many fish, is not treatable and infects a broad range of fish species."

The Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment (MDNRE) and the Wisconsin DNR issued a release which seemed to downplay the Cornell findings and said the "traces" of VHS in fish "would not lead to any immediate regulation changes for anglers or boaters." MDNRE Director Rebecca Humphries said, "We appreciate the efforts of Cornell University to help better understand this disease, but we also want to caution anglers and others who enjoy Lake Superior that this does not mean there has been a widespread outbreak of VHS in those waters. What this study does indicate is that VHS has been observed in four locations in Lake Superior, but it is not everywhere. Based on this limited finding, Michigan is not planning to make any changes in its regulations at this time."

VHSV experts Drs. Gael Kurath and James Winton from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Western Fisheries Research Center provided independent confirmation of the Cornell findings. Winton said, “VHS is one of the most important diseases of finfish. It not only affects the health and well-being of populations of several important native fish species, but it can also impact trade, and, should it spread into the U.S. aquaculture industry, could do substantial damage as happened in Europe and parts of Japan.” USGS indicated that Experts fear the disease could potentially spread from the Great Lakes into new populations of native fish in the 31 states of the Mississippi River basin.

Access an article from Cornell University (click here). Access the release from MI & WI (click here). Access a release from USGS and link to their VHSV website (click here).

34 Groups Call For Slow Down On Great Lakes Agreement

Jan 27: As the United States and Canada work toward a new Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, 34 environmental and conservation groups are telling the governments that their timeline does not allow for proper public consultation, and that this could seriously undermine the final Agreement, its implementation, and ultimately the health of the Great Lakes. John Jackson, Director of Clean Production and Toxics with Great Lakes United (GLU) said, “The governments began consulting on thinking about the Agreement in March of 2006. They only finally announced their intent to renegotiate last June, and have proceeded to sit on their hands for the past eight months. Now, they want to jam this process through by the end of the year. I’m sorry, but that’s just not good governance.”

The dissatisfaction was expressed in a letter sent to the governments earlier this week by the groups. It is a response to a presentation by Environment Canada and U.S. EPA in a web conference earlier this month [See WIMS 1/14/10]. At that time, the government agencies revealed their process for the renegotiation. Currently, they are inviting public comment on the issue of governance until February 14 -- exactly one month from the announcement. The governments have given no indication how future public comment periods will operate.

The groups, which include formal government advisors, offer six recommendations to improve the process: (1) Release a draft government position or options paper on governance issues. (2) The release of the draft government position or options paper should set off a 60-day public comment period. (3) Once the governments have negotiated draft language on governance, release it again for a public comment period. (4) For the “issues” consultations, follow a process similar to recommendations 1-3, with the release of a draft position or options paper followed by a 60-day public comment period followed by another opportunity for comment after the governments have completed their first round of negotiations on the topic. (5) Compile a web-posted summary of comments received from public input at each stage of the consultations. (6) Release a final draft of the complete revised Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement for comment prior to completing negotiations and hold public hearings in both countries on this draft.

The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement was first signed by Prime Minister Trudeau and President Nixon in 1972, and subsequently revised in 1978 and 1987. The Agreement committed the two countries to protecting the health of the ecosystem, prohibiting the discharge of pollution in toxic amounts, and to virtually eliminating dangerous, persistent toxic substances.

Access a release from the groups and link to access the letter (click here). Access a Binational website on Amending the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement with further details, contacts and background information (click here).

Groups Urge Full Funding For Great Lakes Restoration Initiative

Jan 25: The Great Lakes Commission (GLC) announced that 15 Great Lakes regional organizations are urging President Obama to maintain or exceed funding of $475 million for the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) in the Federal budget for FY 2011. The initiative was proposed by the Obama Administration as a five-year, comprehensive restoration plan for the Great Lakes. The region’s congressional leaders secured $475 million in FY 2010, the initiative’s first year. Implementation is moving forward, with nearly $150 million currently being offered for projects that address critical problems facing the Great Lakes. In addition, the U.S. EPA is finalizing a five-year action plan for the GLRI that sets outcome-oriented performance goals and criteria for measuring progress.

In a letter to President Obama the groups said, “While the GLRI is off to a strong start we need sustained funding to fulfill your commitment, build on past investments and ensure the GLRI’s long-term success.” The letter acknowledged the broad support for the initiative within the region, noting that it has been endorsed by the Great Lakes governors, states, cities, tribes, conservation groups, business and industry. The letter noted that “substantial momentum is in place to carry the Initiative forward over its five-year timeframe.” The President is expected to submit his budget proposal to Congress on February 1.

The letter was signed by the following entities: Great Lakes Commission; Alliance for the Great Lakes; Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority; Council of Great Lakes Fishery Agencies; Council of Great Lakes Industries; Council of Lake Committees; Ducks Unlimited, Great Lakes/Atlantic Region; Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Great Lakes Metro Chambers Coalition; Great Lakes United; Healing Our Waters - Great Lakes Coalition; National Parks Conservation Association; National Wildlife Federation, Great Lakes Regional Center; Natural Resources Defense Council, Midwest Regional Office; and The Nature Conservancy.

Access a release from GLC with additional information (click here).

Attorneys General Request Seat At Asian Carp Meeting

Jan 25: Michigan Attorney General Mike Cox and his counterparts in Ohio, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin called on the Obama administration to immediately meet with them to hear first-hand the concerns of job makers and families across the region over the immediate threat of Asian carp. Cox said, "It is our hope the bi-partisan team of Attorneys General leading the battle to protect jobs and the Lakes will have a seat at the table with the White House to help find a solution to this crisis."

Michigan Governor Granholm and Nancy Sutley, Chair of the White House Council on Environmental Quality, have confirmed that the Great Lakes Governors or their designees intend to meet in early February [See WIMS 1/21/10]. The letter from the attorneys general was signed by Attorney General Cox; Indiana Attorney General Greg Zoeller; Ohio Attorney General Richard Cordray; Pennsylvania Attorney General Tom Corbett; and Wisconsin Attorney General J.B. Van Hollen. The letter indicates, "As the Attorneys General who are litigating the Asian carp controversy and have been serving on the front lines of a bi-partisan battle to protect the ecology and economy of our region, we are formally requesting that you and your administration include us in any such meetings addressing the Asian carp emergency."

Cox indicated in a release "that President Obama, who pledged a zero tolerance policy for new invasive species in the Great Lakes, should act immediately to at least temporarily close the locks." He indicated that last week new DNA evidence of Asian carp was found in Lake Michigan at Calumet Harbor [See WIMS 1/20/10], past both the so-called electrical barrier and the O'Brien locks. Cox, a Republican gubernatorial candidate indicated that, "If President Obama continues to favor Illinois at the expense of other states, Michigan and the other states backing his efforts will need help from Congress." He praised the bi-partisan efforts of Michigan's Congressional delegation on the issue, including Representatives Dave Camp, Vern Ehlers, and Candice Miller; and Senators Levin and Stabenow.

Access a release from the MI AG and link to the letter (click here).

Stabenow & Camp Introduce Bills To Stop Asian Carp

U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) and U.S. Representative Dave Camp (R-MI) announced the Senate introduction of the CARP ACT (Close All Routes and Prevent Asian Carp Today, S. 2946). The bill would direct the Army Corps of Engineers to take immediate action to prevent the potential entry of Asian Carp into the Great Lakes. Recent samples of Asian Carp environmental DNA have demonstrated the invasive species’ progress toward the Great Lakes through the Mississippi River [See WIMS 1/21/10]. Congressman Camp introduced the CARP ACT (H.R. 4472) yesterday in the House.

Stabenow said, “Asian Carp are a very serious threat to our state and must be stopped from entering the Great Lakes. This invasive species will not only harm our ecosystem it will also hurt our economy, costing us thousands of jobs. The CARP ACT will close off Great Lakes access to Asian Carp and expedite important emergency measures.” Representative Camp said, “It is absolutely necessary for us to preventing Asian Carp from entering the Great Lakes. This legislation will ensure the Great Lakes are protected and should satisfy any concerns about any impacts on commerce or flood control in Chicago. This is a sensible approach and one that should be acted on immediately.”

Among other requirements the bills call for the immediate closure of certain Chicago-area locks until a controlled lock operations strategy is developed; immediate installation of interim barriers at specified locations; enhancement of existing barriers and monitoring systems; mitigating the impact on commerce and the City of Chicago; preventing and eradicating Asian Carp through the use of fish toxicant, commercial fishing and netting, harvesting, and other means necessary. On the Chicago impacts the bill calls for two studies: one to develop a strategy to mitigate the effects of this bill on existing commerce in the canals and rivers, and one to abate the effects on Chicago flood control.

The legislation will likely be the subject of discussion at the upcoming meeting with the Great Lakes Governors agreed to by Nancy Sutley, Chair of the White House Council on Environmental Quality and scheduled for early February. Sutley said, "I welcome the opportunity to meet with the Great Lakes Governors on this important issue a meeting during the first week of February, either in the Midwest or in Washington DC with the Great Lakes Governors or their designees [See WIMS 1/21/10].

Access a release from Senator Stabenow (click here). Access legislative details for S. 2946 (click here). Access legislative details for H.R. 4472 (click here).

Administration Agrees To Asian Carp Summit With States

Jan 20: Responding quickly to requests from Governors Granholm (MI) and Doyle (WI) regarding a summit between Great Lakes governors and senior White House officials to identify a rapid response to the threat of Asian carp, Nancy Sutley, Chair of the White House Council on Environmental Quality called for a meeting in early February. Sutley said, "I welcome the opportunity to meet with the Great Lakes Governors on this important issue. . . Today, as we see the threat and potential impact of Asian carp entering the Great Lakes, we have an opportunity to work together to prevent environmental and economic damage before it happens." The Governors' requested the meeting in a letter to President Obama on January 19 [See WIMS 1/20/10].

In a letter to the Governors, Sutley suggested a meeting during the first week of February, either in the Midwest or in Washington DC with the Great Lakes Governors or their designees. She said the meeting should "discuss the strategy to combat the spread of Asian carp and ensure coordination and the most effective response across all levels of government to respond to this threat. In keeping with the strong tradition of regional cooperation, I also hope to discuss ways in which we can continue and strengthen the Federal-State partnership to protect the Great Lakes."

On January 19, the multi-agency Asian Carp Regional Coordinating Committee (RCC) announced that it had received new information from the University of Notre Dame about one positive environmental DNA result for silver carp in Calumet Harbor approximately one-half mile north of the Calumet River and one more at a location in the Calumet River north of O’Brien Lock. These samples were collected on December 8 and recently processed. Two previous tests of multiple water samples from this area were negative.

Also on January 19, the U.S. Supreme Court denied request for a preliminary injunction sought by Michigan and other Great Lakes states calling for the emergency closure of the locks in the Chicago Shipping Canal to stop the spread of Asian Carp into the Great Lakes [See WIMS 1/19/10]. The Obama Administration and the State of Illinois opposed the emergency closure and the U.S. Solicitor General Elena Kagan said in her filings with the High Court that Michigan's "ultimate goal is a permanent injunction separating the Great Lakes from the Mississippi River system, undoing a connection that for well over 100 years has served the important purposes of flood control, navigation, commerce, and sanitation."

She said, "A host of responsible actors -- federal, state, and even international -- are deeply and intensely engaged in studying all the considerations involved in preventing the transmission of invasive species through that connection. For this Court to pretermit that process and to decree that the answer is to sever the connection, based on a purported federal common law rule, would be altogether inappropriate. . . Nothing in federal law warrants second-guessing its expert judgment that the best information available today does not yet justify the dramatic steps Michigan demands. . . The motion for a preliminary injunction should be denied." [See WIMS 1/12/10]

Access a release and the letter to Governors (click here). Access the Michigan, Illinois and all legal filings in the case (click here). Access the Army Corps of Engineers' website for more information (click here). Access the Asian Carp Management website for extensive information (click here).

Parties Call For Urgent Action As Asian Carp Advance

Jan 19: Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm called for the White House to immediately establish a summit with the Great Lakes Governors to discuss the growing Asian Carp threat. The letter, jointly signed with Wisconsin Governor Jim Doyle, was in response to the Supreme Court decision to deny a preliminary injunction sought by Michigan and other Great Lakes states calling for the emergency closure of the locks in the Chicago Shipping Canal to stop the spread of Asian Carp into the Great Lakes [See WIMS 1/19/10]. Governor Granholm said, "Asian Carp threaten the well-being of our Great Lakes, and ultimately, the well-being of Michigan. It is disappointing that the Supreme Court declined to aid in our fight against these aquatic invaders, so we now ask the White House to work with us in finding a solution before it is too late."

Carp DNA samples have recently been found above the electrical barrier in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, providing new evidence that the Asian Carp are continuing to move closer to Lake Michigan. In fact, as the Governor was issuing her release, the multi-agency Asian Carp Regional Coordinating Committee (RCC) announced that it had received new information from the University of Notre Dame about one positive environmental DNA result for silver carp in Calumet Harbor approximately one-half mile north of the Calumet River and one more at a location in the Calumet River north of O’Brien Lock. These samples were collected on December 8 and recently processed. Two previous tests of multiple water samples from this area were negative.

Dr. David Lodge, director of the eDNA project at the University of Notre Dame said, "Our current eDNA process provides indications of likely presence, but it does not yet provide information about Asian carp quantity that may be present, age, size, how they got there or how long they may have been there." Major General John Peabody, Commanding General of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Great Lakes and Ohio River Division said, "Clearly this is not good news. But eDNA technology provides the advanced warning of the possible presence of Asian carp, so that all agencies supporting the RCC can focus their efforts and resources to optimal effect. The Corps of Engineers will continue to collaborate with our partners to urgently execute already planned actions, and further develop other multi-agency measures that will defeat this threat to the Great Lakes."

Charlie Wooley, Deputy Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service said, “From what we have seen in other parts of the country, Asian carp could out-compete our native, sport and commercial fish in southern Lake Michigan. We call them an aquatic vacuum cleaner because they filter important food resources out of the water and turn it into carp biomass.”

Michigan Attorney General Mike Cox, and gubernatorial candidate issued a statement on the Supreme Court ruling saying, "I am extremely disappointed the Supreme Court did not push the pause button on this crisis until an effective plan is in place. While the injunction would have been an extraordinary step by the court, Michigan and the other Great Lakes states are facing an extraordinary crisis that could forever alter the Lakes, permanently killing thousands of jobs at a time when families can least afford it." Cox noted that the court did not address Michigan's request to reopen the "Chicago Diversion" case and therefore that portion of the case continues. Michigan, which is supported by Pennsylvania, New York, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Minnesota, seeks a solution to the crisis that will protect the ecology and economy of the Great Lakes. Briefs in that portion of the case are due by February 19.

The Alliance for the Great Lakes has prepared a report on closing the waterway connections and says, "A permanent breakup of the Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins is the only guaranteed way to keep invasive species from traveling between the two and causing devastating irreversible damage." The Alliance explains that the Chicago Waterway System, engineered in 1900 to
reverse the flow of the Chicago River, is a complex system of rivers and canals diverting Chicago’s wastewater from Lake Michigan to the Illinois River. The Alliance report, Preliminary Feasibility of Ecological Separation of the Mississippi River and the Great Lakes, outlines six options for separating the watersheds and ending the transfer of species between them.

Access a release from Gov. Granholm (click here). Access a release from the Asian Carp RCC (click here). Access a release from the Michigan AG (click here). Access a fact sheet and map from the Alliance and link to their complete report (click here). Access the Army Corps of Engineers' website for more information (click here). Access the Asian Carp Management website for extensive information (click here). Access the Great Lakes United website to track the Asian Carp emergency situation (click here).