Hearing On Great Lakes Transport Of Radioactive Steam Generators

Jul 29: The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) announced that it will hold a one-day public hearing to consider the application by Bruce Power Inc. (Bruce Power) for a transport license for the shipment of 16 radioactive steam generators by ship through the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway to Sweden for recycling in the fall of 2010, from Bruce Power's site located in Kincardine, Ontario. The hearing is set for September 29, in Ottawa, Ontario and will be webcasted live on the Internet and archived for a period of 90 days.

 

    The CNSC received a transport license application from Bruce Power on April 1, 2010. The company proposes to transport 16 steam generators to Sweden for recycling. Since receipt of the application, Bruce Power's proposal has been the subject of formal technical reviews by CNSC staff. No recommendation for the issuance of a transport license will be made unless the Commission is convinced that the shipment will be completed safely, without risk to the health, safety or security of Canadians and the environment.

 

    According to the public notice, a low risk license application like this one would normally be decided by a Designated Officer (DO). CNSC staff has concluded that there are no safety significant issues associated with the proposed shipment. However, in light of the public concern and the value to ensuring both a proper understanding of the scope of the undertaking and the presentation of accurate information relating to the health, safety and risk, the DO has asked that the Commission review the application at a one-day public hearing.

 

    Some environmental activist are saying, "This would also put shipments of radioactive wastes from reactors on the Great Lakes for the first time -- a major policy decision that would affect everyone who depends on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway watersheds, and should not be rushed through, over the heads of other nations and communities, who share both the use and responsibility for these invaluable and irreplaceable fresh waters."

 

    Access the public hearing notices with further details (click here). Access a posting from environmental interests and comments (click here). Access the CNSC website for further information (click here).

NOAA Grant For Great Lakes Microcystis Research

Aug 3: NOAA has awarded New York-based Stony Brook University (SBU) $285,895 as part of an anticipated three-year, nearly $500,000 project to determine how different kinds of phosphorous, a nutrient required by all plants for growth, trigger toxic blooms of blue-green algae in the Great Lakes. The project will focus on the algal species Microcystis, which frequently causes massive and unsightly blooms in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. Microcystis sometimes produces toxins that can cause acute and chronic illness in humans and is a growing problem that impacts drinking water and recreation worldwide. It has long been known that nutrient pollution, especially phosphorus, stimulates excessive growth or blooms this alga.

    Phosphorus, however, can be present in several different chemical forms, which are difficult to measure. The researchers will test whether specific forms of phosphorus cause Microcystis to grow or become more toxic and whether controlling those forms might reduce blooms or their toxicity. Using new information about how Microcystis genes regulate uptake and utilization of these different kinds of phosphorus, the researchers will develop new tools to overcome the measurement difficulties. They will then apply these tools during natural blooms in order to identify which types of phosphorous are most instrumental in stimulating bloom formation. Christopher Gobler, associate professor at SBU and lead investigator from the project said, "There are many types of phosphorus and knowing which types can trigger a toxic algal bloom is paramount. Coastal managers and local officials need this data to make important decisions to protect public health and the coastal ecosystem."

    Access a release from NOAA and links to related information (click here).

NOAA Awards $2.5 Million For Great Lakes Invasives Study

Jul 23: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has awarded $2.5 million to the University of Notre Dame and its partners to predict the next wave of invasive species likely to enter the Great Lakes and to identify cost-effective countermeasures. Invasive species such as zebra mussels are already a large problem, costing the region more than $200 million annually by disrupting Great Lakes fisheries and damaging waterway infrastructure by clogging water intake valves. Information generated by the study will help authorities prepare for new invasions and control current non-native populations. Although NOAA is providing initial funding for the project, the U.S. EPA is expected to contribute an additional $2.25 million to the project.

 

    Felix Martinez, a program manager with NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research said, "We've got to identify the invasive species that pose the greatest environmental and economic threat here in the Great Lakes and plan for their containment. There are many different potential invaders that could do enormous damage to the Great Lakes ecosystem and our region's economies." In making their predictions about which species are likely to invade, researchers will consider such factors as the most likely paths of introduction and spread and the availability of suitable habitat across the Great Lakes.

 

    Lindsay Chadderton, The Nature Conservancy's director for aquatic invasive species and a participating partner in the study said, "We're looking at the big picture with this study. A lot of work to date has focused on single species. This study will give us the ability to look more broadly and strategically at the problem." The Asian carp invasion will play a role in the study. Recently, the State of Michigan filed an unsuccessful lawsuit to force closure of waterways connecting a Chicago-area canal system to Lake Michigan. The Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, which connect into Lake Michigan, are already teeming with the fish, which were likely released when flooding damaged aquaculture ponds where the fish had been used to eat pond waste.

 

    Robert Haas of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment has called the project "essential." He said, "We believe that this project will substantially improve our ability to protect the Great Lakes against new aquatic invaders and also help us to minimize spread of those invasive species."

 

    Access a release from NOAA with links to more information on the Notre Dame study (click here).

House Subcommittee Approves Interior & Environment Funding

Great Lakes Funding Cut From $475 To $300 Million

 

Jul 22: The House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior and Environment approved annual funding legislation for the next fiscal year. The bill, which funds federal agencies under the subcommittee's jurisdiction, totals $32.2 billion which is equal to last year's level. Subcommittee Chair, James Moran (D-VA), issued a statement saying, "This bill is based on a lot of hard work by many people. This Subcommittee held 20 hearings with 21 different Administration witnesses. In addition, we held a series of Native American and public witness hearings where we heard from 81 different witnesses and received written testimony from an additional 165 people. Recently, we held a hearing to review the response to the BP Oil Spill disaster in the Gulf of Mexico, at which we heard from 5 different witnesses about the Administration's response to the Gulf disaster and the implications for this bill."

 

    He said the bill provides $32.24 billion for the Department of the Interior, U.S. EPA, the US Forest Service, the Indian Health Service and a host of smaller agencies. The funding is equal to last year, but $133 million below the President's request. The bill includes a number of items in response to the BP disaster: temporarily suspending further leasing or pre-leasing activities on the Pacific Coast and North Atlantic Coasts and temporary suspension for Bristol Bay Alaska; and temporary suspension on further leasing and pre-leasing on the South and Mid-Atlantic coasts, while additional operational safety procedures and regulations are established to protect these areas. The bill nearly doubles the number of OCS inspectors to 130, to allow the new BOE to increase offshore inspections and compliance by increasing offshore inspection fees to $40 million, up from the current $10 million. Many other provisions are provide as well.

 

    The bill provides $10 billion for U.S. EPA, including over $3.2 billion for water and wastewater infrastructure assistance that will be used to assist 1208 American communities meet the clean and safe drinking water needs of their citizens. An additional $1.3 billion is provided for the Superfund program. The bill provides $473 million to protect major American lakes and estuaries, and fully funds the $300 million request for the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative.

 

    The bill includes $455.5 million for climate change adaptation and scientific efforts, which is $9 million above the request and $91 million above 2010. We have included $42 million for EPA research on Climate Change and response, $58 million for EPA and state regulatory programs, and $129 million for EPA Climate Protection Programs and Grants. We have also provided the requested amount of $23 million for USGS Regional Science Centers and National Wildlife Centers and $168 million for other Department of the Interior Climate Change programs. The bill also includes $15 million for Forest Service and Smithsonian research programs.

 

    House Appropriations Ranking Republican Jerry Lewis (R-CA) raised several concerns with the Interior bill in the subcommittee meeting, including its high level of spending in the midst of historic national deficits and debt. Lewis and Republican members of the subcommittee expressed grave concerns over the attempted overreaching by federal agencies -- such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) -- through new and expansive regulations. They said, "These regulations have the force of law, are not approved by Congress, and can have costly and damaging effects on individuals, businesses, and communities across the country." Rep. Lewis said, "Billions in taxpayer dollars are being spent on the EPA's pursuit of a variety and mix of regulations that are frustrating local officials across the country. This arbitrary rule-making is stifling growth and making it difficult for farmers and small businesses to survive."

 

    The Healing Our Waters-Great Lakes Coalition (HOW) issued a release calling for the U.S. Senate to restore funding for Great Lakes restoration programs to the $475 million level that was funded this year (FY10). Jeff Skelding, campaign director for the HOW said, "We need to keep pace with the urgent threats facing the Great Lakes. It is imperative that Congress fund the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative at $475 million now and in the coming years. There is a tremendous need for this kind of investment in Great Lakes restoration if we are to catch up from years of delay. Great Lakes restoration and economic recovery hinge on a robust commitment by the federal government. Otherwise, the longer we wait, the problems will only get worse and the solutions more costly. We look to the U.S. Senate to fund Great Lakes restoration at last year's level, which better reflects the need for a healthy environment and economy."

 

    Access a statement from Chairman Moran summarizing the bill (click here). Access a summary table (click here). Access a listing of earmarks (click here). Access a lengthy release from the Republican Minority listing their amendments offered and the voting results (click here). Access the complete release from HOW (click here).

Envisioning A 21st Century Chicago Area Waterway System

Jul 22: Great Lakes states and cities joined together to announce an initiative that seeks to transform water management and transportation in the Chicago region for the 21st Century, while safeguarding the Great Lakes from economic and ecological damage caused by Asian carp and other biological invasions from the Mississippi River basin. According to a release, the initiative will seize upon one of the greatest challenges in the region from Asian carp as an opportunity to develop options to protect both basins while significantly advancing water quality, flood control, transportation, and the economy in the Chicago area.
 
    A team led by the Great Lakes Commission (GLC) and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative, organizations representing governors, state officials and mayors, will convene users, stakeholders and technical experts to identify the best economic and environmental solutions for separating the Mississippi River basin from the Great Lakes in the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS), the connection between the two watersheds created in 1900.
 
    Titled Envisioning a Chicago Area Waterway System for the 21st Century, the 18-month initiative will assess modernization and improvements to the Waterway System in a way that enhances commercial, recreational and environmental benefits, while preventing the transfer of damaging invasive species. The collaborative received initial funding from two Chicago-based funders: the Joyce Foundation and the Great Lakes Protection Fund. Other funders across the Great Lakes region are being approached to contribute to this $2 million project.
 
    Through the project's intensive stakeholder outreach process, all key interests -- shippers, water managers, government agencies, citizen groups, recreational and commercial boaters, tribes, and others -- will be engaged by the team leaders to explore and evaluate options for separating the Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins. The natural barriers between these two watersheds were artificially removed during the last century. The recent confirmation of Asian carp on the Lake Michigan side of the dispersal barrier increases the importance of designing permanent, long-term solutions.
 
    U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) said, "The best permanent solution to protecting the Great Lakes from damaging aquatic invasive species is to separate the two watersheds by closing the artificial connection in the Chicago area." Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm said, "This project is not meant to displace the essential and urgent work of other institutions and governmental entities. Their responsibility for immediate action to prevent the spread of the Asian carp remains. This study tackles the larger, longer-term task of redesigning the waterways for sustainability. Both jobs need to be done, and both need to succeed."
 
    Access a lengthy release from GLC with more information (click here). Access a fact sheet on the initiative (click here).

Executive Order On Stewardship Of Ocean, Coasts, & Great Lakes

Jul 19: With little fanfare, President Obama signed an Executive Order establishing a National Policy for the Stewardship of the Ocean, Coasts, and Great Lakes on July 19, 2010. The Executive Order adopts the Final Recommendations of the Interagency Ocean Policy Task Force and directs Federal agencies to take the appropriate steps to implement them. The Executive Order strengthens ocean governance and coordination, establishes guiding principles for ocean management, and adopts a flexible framework for effective coastal and marine spatial planning to address conservation, economic activity, user conflict, and sustainable use of the ocean, our coasts and the Great Lakes.

    Obama Administration officials also released the Final Recommendations of the Ocean Policy Task Force on July 19, 2010, which would establish a National Policy for the Stewardship of the Ocean, Coasts, and Great Lakes (National Policy) and create a National Ocean Council (NOC) to strengthen ocean governance and coordination. The Final Recommendations prioritize actions for the NOC to pursue, and call for a flexible framework for coastal and marine spatial planning to address conservation, economic activity, user conflict, and sustainable use of the ocean, our coasts and the Great Lakes. The NOC would coordinate across the Federal Government to implement the National Policy. The Final Recommendations also call for the establishment of a Governance Coordinating Committee to formally engage with state, tribal, and local authorities. 

    Nancy Sutley, Chair of the White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) said, "President Obama recognized that our uses of the ocean are expanding at a rate that challenges our ability to manage significant and often competing demands. With a growing number of recreational, scientific, energy, and security activities, we need a national policy that sets the United States on a new path for the conservation and sustainable use of these critical natural resources."

    On June 12, 2009, President Obama sent a memorandum to the heads of executive departments and Federal agencies establishing an Interagency Ocean Policy Task Force and charged it with developing recommendations to enhance national stewardship of the ocean, coasts, and Great Lakes and promote the long term conservation and use of these resources. The Task Force was led by CEQ and included 24 senior-level policy officials from across the Federal Government. At the President's direction, the Task Force released an Interim Report in September 2009 and an Interim Framework for Effective Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning in December 2009. 

    Each of the reports was made available online for public comment. The Task Force received and reviewed close to 5,000 written comments from Congress, stakeholders, and the public before finalizing its recommendations. The Task Force's Final Recommendations combine and update the proposals contained in the two earlier reports.

    Miyoko Sakashita, oceans director at the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD), issued a statement saying, "Our oceans are in urgent need of a coordinated approach for their conservation and management, and this new national policy is a step in the right direction. Our oceans face numerous threats, from overfishing and pollution to climate change and acidification. The policy announced today acknowledges that our country needs to initiate a comprehensive program to ensure healthy and productive oceans and coasts for generations to come. The Obama administration's proposal creates a governance structure for the management of the oceans and sets out a program for marine spatial planning -- which, like zoning on land, would designate certain areas for diverse uses such as drilling, fishing, shipping and protection. But the proposal lacks guarantees for conservation and biodiversity protection. . . The policy announced today is a good and necessary step toward coordinated planning and conservation, but we have yet to see if it will translate into good management."

    Access an announcement from the CEQ with links to the Executive Order and all background documents (click here). Access a release from CBD (click here).

MI, MN, PA, WI, OH Attorneys General Join In New Asian Carp Lawsuit

Jul 19: Michigan Attorney General Mike Cox announced that his office has filed a suit in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois to force the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago to take emergency action to block Asian carp from entering Lake Michigan, and accelerate efforts to develop a permanent solution to protect the Great Lakes. Attorneys general from Wisconsin, Minnesota, Pennsylvania and Ohio have joined Cox in the effort to protect the Great Lakes, due to what Cox called "the Army Corps' dismal record of inaction in confronting Asian carp."

 

    Cox, a Republican gubernatorial candidate said, "President Obama and the Army Corps of Engineers have failed to fight Asian carp aggressively. Asian carp will kill jobs and ruin our way of life. We cannot afford more bureaucratic delays -- emergency action must be taken to protect the Great Lakes." The lawsuit is supported by affidavits from experts at the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment (MDNRE) and Wayne State University, and includes a motion for preliminary injunction seeking immediate action to address the threat that Asian carp will enter Lake Michigan. Cox indicated in a release that the imminence of this threat was made clear by the recent capture of a live bighead carp in Lake Calumet, six miles from Lake Michigan and beyond any barriers.

 

    The release indicates that the lawsuit is based on: (1) Public Nuisance: By failing to stop Asian carp from entering the Great Lakes, the Corps allows grave and likely irreparable harm to the aquatic resources of the Great Lakes and the shared public rights to them; and (2) The Administrative Procedures Act: The Federal Administrative Procedures Act allows legal challenges to Federal agency decisions that are arbitrary or unlawful.

 

    In the lawsuit, Cox points to the Army Corps' recent failures to implement commonsense emergency actions to stop Asian carp, and the Administration's denial of the request by Ohio for a new Carp Summit, even after the recent discovery of Asian carp in Lake Calumet. Cox indicated that, "Despite mounting evidence over the last several months that Asian carp are present in Chicago waterways, the Army Corps has refused to temporarily close the O'Brien and Chicago Locks, failed to apply fish poison in every location that tested positive for Asian carp eDNA, failed to comprehensively address all pathways linking Lake Michigan with carp-infested Illinois waterways, and failed to sufficiently accelerate the evaluation of a permanent separation of the Great Lakes Basin from the carp-infested Chicago Area Waterway System."

    The lawsuit calls for the Corps to use all available efforts to block Asian carp passage in the waterways linked to Lake Michigan, including: Use block nets, other physical barriers and fish poison at strategic locations to block or kill Asian carp that have already swam through the O'Brien lock, dangerously close to Lake Michigan; Install and maintain block nets and other physical barriers in the Little Calumet River, where no barrier of any kind currently exists; Temporarily close the O'Brien and Chicago Locks, except as needed to protect public health and safety; Temporarily close sluice gates at the O'Brien Lock, the Chicago River Controlling Works, and the Wilmette Pumping Station, except as needed to protect public health and safety; Install and maintain screens on all sluice gates mentioned above to reduce the risk of fish passage when gates are open; and Accelerate efforts to complete a feasibility study of a permanent hydrological separation of the Great Lakes Basin from the Mississippi River within the next 18 months, with reports at six and 12 months.

 

    According to the release from Cox, "The lawsuit makes clear that all of the requested action would be subject to exceptions to prevent flooding, allow access for emergency responders, and any other action necessary to prevent serious threats to public health and safety." Earlier this year, Cox petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court to intervene to address the threat of Asian carp. The Supreme Court declined the take up the case, but did not rule on the merits of the legal claims by Michigan and other Great Lakes states.

 

    A group known as Un-Lock Our Jobs issued a release saying the lawsuit would "force short-term, costly and ineffective solutions to the prevent Asian carp from entering Lake Michigan." The group said it is an organization working towards a "comprehensive solution to stop the spread of Asian carp, while leaving the Chicago locks open to commerce." Speaking on behalf of the group, Mark Biel, executive director of the Chemical Industry Council of Illinois said, "This is yet another example of the political grandstanding that is counterproductive to this debate. The Army Corps already stated lock closure will not lower chances of Asian carp entering Lake Michigan; it absolutely devastates waterway commerce and does nothing to help the situation. Furthermore, the demands for additional barriers are completely gratuitous -- plans for an additional electric barrier are already in motion. Why is it necessary to sue unless these politicians are focused primarily on getting their names in headlines?"

 

    Un-Lock Our Jobs indicates that it was founded to protect the uninterrupted operation of the "Avenue of the America's" -- the essential waterway connection between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River corridor. A project of the Chemical Industry Council of Illinois, Un-Lock Our Jobs is a coalition of agriculture, business, labor, river communities, and concerned citizens working towards a comprehensive solution to stop the spread of Asian Carp, while leaving the Chicago locks open to commerce.

 

    Access a release from AG Cox (click here). Access a release from Un-Lock Our Jobs (click here). Access the Un-Lock Our Jobs website for more information (click here).